An Association of Periodontitis and Diabetes
Department of Dental Hygiene, Kyungbok University, Pocheon 487-717, 1Department of Preventive Medicine, Dankook University Medical College, Cheonan 330-714, Korea
Received February 16, 2014; Revised April 28, 2014; Accepted April 30, 2014.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
- Abstract
- This study was conducted to evaluate the association between periodontal disease and diabetes mellitus. The final analysis population of this study was composed of 4,830 adults with diabetes mellitus or periodontal disease and aged 19 years or older, based on the third-edition data of the 4th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) (in 2009). Diabetic status and potential confounders were used in questionnaire materials and physical examination materials, and the presence of periodontal disease was used in the materials for oral health examination by a dentist. For diabetic status, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels ＜100 mg/dl were subcategorized into normal group and FPG levels ≥100 mg/dl into impaired fasting glucose group; glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels ＜7% into normal group and HbA1c ≥7% into diabetes group, on the basis of the American Diabetes Association. According to the 2009 Korea Health Statistics, the case where the pocket depth is 3 mm or more was defined as periodontal disease. The association between the two diseases was evaluated through χ2-test and logistic regression analysis using R-commander 2.14. In impaired fasting glucose group, community periodontal index (CPI) groups 3 to 4 had higher risks for periodontal disease 1.23 times (95% confidence interval, 1.07∼1.42) than those of CPI groups CPI 0∼2, even after adjustment for several confounders. In addition, periodontal disease and diabetes mellitus showed statistically significant differences depending on age, sex, income level, educational background, smoking status, alcohol consumption, and snack intake. The analyses of the third-edition data of the 4th KNHANES showed that there was a statistically significant association between periodontal disease and diabetes mellitus as examined by means of CPI in this study.
- Keywords : Community periodontal index, Diabetes, Periodontitis
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