Effect of Rosmarinic Acid on the Focal Adhesions of MC3T3-E1 Preosteoblasts on Titanium Surface

Moon-Jin Jeong; Myoung-Hwa Lee; Do-Seon Lim; Soon-Jeong Jeong

doi:10.17135/jdhs.2024.24.3.181

J Dent Hyg Sci 2024;24:181-9

Published online September 30, 2024; https://doi.org/10.17135/jdhs.2024.24.3.181

Moon-Jin Jeong¹

, Myoung-Hwa Lee¹

, Do-Seon Lim²

, and Soon-Jeong Jeong^3,4,†

¹Department of Oral Histology and Developmental Biology, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, ²Department of Dental Hygiene, Graduate School of Public Health Science, Eulji University, Seongnam 13135, ³Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Health Science, Youngsan University, Yangsan 50510, ⁴Institute of Basic Science for Well-Aging, Youngsan University, Yangsan 50510, Korea

Correspondence to: ^†Soon-Jeong Jeong, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8959-4663
Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Health Science, Youngsan University, 288 Junam-ro, Yangsan 50510, Korea
Tel: +82-55-380-9453, Fax: +82-55-380-9305, E-mail: jeongsj@ysu.ac.kr

Received September 2, 2024; Revised September 7, 2024; Accepted September 11, 2024.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract: Background: Focal adhesions (FAs) is the most important process in the first step of osseointegration between preosteoblasts and titanium (Ti). FAs improvement and pre-osteoblasts cell proliferation leads to successful Ti-based dental implants. This study aimed to confirm the applicability of rosmarinic acid (RA) as a functional substance for improving FAs and cell proliferation of MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts on Ti surfaces during the first stage of osseointegration for successful Ti-based dental implants.
Methods: We used MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts on Ti discs incubated in a medium supplemented with or without 14 μg/ml to decipher the effects of RA on FAs and cell proliferation. FAs and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells on Ti discs were assessed via MTT assay. Actin-labeled cells and paxillin contacts were observed and imaged by fluorescent microscopy, and the associated signaling pathways were revealed through western blot analysis.
Results: In RA-treated MC3T3-E1 cells on Ti discs, FAs between MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts and Ti surfaces and the expression of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), phosphorylated FAK and paxillin proteins and filamentous-actin formation increased. RA increased the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts on the Ti surface as well as the expression of Grab2, Ras, pERK1/2, and ERK1/2. In addition, the expression of secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor and thymosin b4, known as nanomolecules that enhance the interaction between implanted Ti materials and preosteoblasts in the RA-treated MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts, increased. RA not only increased the FAs of MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts on the Ti surface through the FAK/Paxillin signaling pathway, but also increased cell proliferation and mitosis through the FAK/Grab2/Ras/ERK1/2 signaling pathway.
Conclusion: RA can be applied as an effective functional substrate to improve the FAs and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 preosteoblats on Ti surfaces, which are essential in the first step of osseointegration between implanted Ti and bone tissue for the clinical success of Ti based dental implants.; Keywords : Focal adhesions, MC3T3-E1 preosteoblast,Osseointegration, Rosmarinic acid, Titanium