Journal of Dental Hygiene Science

Table 3

Difference of Internal Marketing and Customer Orientation according to General Characteristics

	Internal marketing												Customer orientation
	Empowerment		Educational training		Reward system		Internal communication		Management support		Total		Customer orientation
	Mean±SD	t or F (p)	Mean±SD	t or F (p)	Mean±SD	t or F (p)	Mean±SD	t or F (p)	Mean±SD	t or F (p)	Mean±SD	t or F (p)	Mean±SD	t or F (p)
Gender
?Male	3.93±0.53	2.627 (0.009^{^**})	4.38±0.54	2.041 (0.043^{^*})	3.13±0.68	0.941 (0.348)	3.46±0.43	1.437 (0.152)	3.97±0.41	3.397 (0.001^{^**})	3.78±0.25	2.839 (0.005^{^**})	4.11±0.33	1.228 (0.221)
?Female	3.33±0.56	2.627 (0.009^{^**})	3.86±0.61	2.041 (0.043^{^*})	2.78±0.89	0.941 (0.348)	3.09±0.63	1.437 (0.152)	3.02±0.68	3.397 (0.001^{^**})	3.20±0.49	2.839 (0.005^{^**})	3.85±0.51	1.228 (0.221)
Education level
?College	3.30±0.55	5.073 (0.007^{^**})	3.86±0.63	0.449 (0.639)	2.78±0.87	0.155 (0.856)	3.09±0.60	1.052 (0.351)	3.03±0.64	0.321 (0.726)	3.20±0.48	1.082 (0.341)	3.82±0.48	6.820 (0.001^{^**})
?University	3.62±0.49		3.98±0.54		2.88±1.03		3.22±0.70		3.15±0.95		3.36±0.53		4.06±0.60
?Graduate school	3.85±0.82		4.00±0.35		2.87±0.94		2.75±1.28		3.13±1.12		3.28±0.83		4.58±0.22
Married status
?Single	3.30±0.56	?3.024 (0.003^{^**})	3.87±0.61	?0.381 (0.704)	2.82±0.89	1.257 (0.210)	3.09±0.63	?0.487 (0.627)	3.03±0.69	?0.0874 (0.383)	3.21±0.50	?0.707 (0.480)	3.83±0.51	?2.988 (0.003^{^**})
?Married	3.72±0.51	?3.024 (0.003^{^**})	3.93±0.61	?0.381 (0.704)	2.54±0.82	1.257 (0.210)	3.17±0.55	?0.487 (0.627)	3.19±0.79	?0.0874 (0.383)	3.30±0.49	?0.707 (0.480)	4.19±0.36	?2.988 (0.003^{^**})
Career (y)
?<1	3.51±0.68	8.170 (0.000^{^**})	4.13±0.59	8.253 (<0.001^{^**})	3.12±0.96	3.038 (0.030^{^*})	3.34±0.60	3.974 (0.009^{^**})	3.40±0.64	6.339 (<0.001^{^**})	3.50±0.52	9.579 (0.000^{^**})	3.91±0.42	10.552 (<0.001^{^**})
?1~3	3.29±0.50		3.92±0.55		2.81±0.76		3.10±0.57		2.97±0.62		3.20±0.40		3.88±0.48
?3~7	3.17±0.47		3.63±0.62		2.63±0.92		2.93±0.61		2.86±0.72		3.03±0.48		3.67±0.52
?≥7	3.76±0.48		4.10±0.48		2.64±0.81		3.17±0.74		3.21±0.68		3.37±0.46		4.33±0.40
Monthly income (10,000 KRW)
?<150	3.36±0.55	5.473 (0.001^{^**})	4.00±0.60	1.683 (0.172)	2.93±0.89	1.834 (0.142)	3.22±0.60	2.964 (0.033^{^*})	3.10±0.66	1.672 (0.174)	3.30±0.47	2.726 (0.045^{^*})	3.90±0.43	6.362 (<0.001^{^**})
?150~200	3.25±0.57		3.79±0.63		2.65±0.90		2.96±0.64		2.96±0.73		3.11±0.53		3.77±0.54
?200~250	3.51±0.38		3.78±0.57		3.02±0.73		3.28±0.56		3.14±0.70		3.32±0.38		3.84±0.51
?≥250	4.03±0.42		3.88±0.50		2.59±0.80		3.06±0.50		3.46±0.47		3.41±0.40		4.54±0.35
Main job
?Assistance	3.30±0.55	4.517 (0.012^{^*})	3.87±0.64	0.347 (0.707)	2.76±0.87	1.834 (0.163)	3.05±0.63	1.973 (0.142)	2.99±0.69	2.795 (0.064)	3.18±0.50	2.669 (0.072)	3.84±0.50	1.396 (0.250)
?Prevention	3.36±0.52		4.00±0.39		3.19±1.06		3.33±0.58		3.35±0.59		3.43±0.46		3.79±0.45
?Consultation or management	3.67±0.57		3.86±0.55		2.70±0.81		3.23±0.57		3.22±0.73		3.33±0.46		4.02±0.58
Total	3.35±0.56		3.88±0.61		2.79±0.88		3.10±0.63		3.05±0.69		3.22±0.50		3.86±0.51

SD: standard deviation, KRW: Korean Won.

The data were analysed by t-test or ANOVA;

^*p<0.05,

^**p<0.01.

Journal of Dental Hygiene Science 2016;16:37-44 https://doi.org/10.17135/jdhs.2016.16.1.37